12-26-2012, 07:55 AM
Bismillah
Praise be to Allah, prayer and peace be upon His Messenger Mohamed Ibn Abdullah
Still on the Ayah:"
"Verily We: It is We Who have sent down the Reminder (i.e. the Qur'an) and surely, We will guard it (from corruption)." (Quran 15:9)
At the time when the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam came to Medina, Zaid Ibn Thabet who belongs to Bani Annajar (maternal uncles of the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam) was only 11 years old. Due to his young age, he couldn't take part in the battles of either Badr or Uhud. Khandaq (Ahzab) was the first battle in which Zaid participated followed by the other battles. A number of Zaid's family members took him to the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam and said: O Messenger of Allah salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam, this is a young boy of Beni Annajar who memorized more than ten Surahs of what Allah revealed to you. The Messenger of Allah salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam was pleased and answered: O Zaid learn the Jewish language for me because in the Name of Allah (Wallahi) I don’t trust the Jews if I write them letters to interpret it in a different manner. Zaid related that: for the sake of the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam I learnt their language. It took me only fifteen nights to excel it. I was responsible to read their letters to the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam and reply on his behalf when he needed to write back. Actually, this indicated an extraordinary level of intelligence. Zaid may Allah be pleased with him was one of a few people who managed, during the time of the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam, to memorize full Quran from those who memorized it.
"The most merciful among my Ummah on my Ummah is Abu Bakr, the hardest in regard to Deenu Allah is Omar, the most shy (one who possesses Haya because the word Haya-a is not only restricted on shyness but it is rather one of the most important morals of Islam. One who has Haya-a feels shy to let Allah Watch him/her while committing a sin, one who has Haya-a adopts a certain attitude that covers every aspect of like) is Othman, the best in regards to judgment issues is Ali Ibn Taleb, the most knowledgeable in terms of Halal and Haram is Mu`adh Ibn Jabal, the most knowledgeable in regard to inheritance laws is Zaid Ibn Thabet, and each Ummah (nation) has a custodian and the custodian of this Ummah is Abu O`baida Ibn Al Jarrah (reported by Anas, Ahmed and Nasa`i/ Bedayah and Nehaya).
Zaid may Allah be pleased with him took part in Al Yamama war against Musaylema the liar during which he was hit by an arrow but was not harmed. Abu Bakrel Seddeeq commanded him after these battles to track and compile the Quran. He told him: you are a sane wise young man against whom we have no charges, you scribed the revelation to the Messenger of Allah salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam, so go ahead, track the Quran and compile it. He achieved what ElSedeeq commanded him with.
Allah Honored him with this mission which was a cause to communicate Quran in writing to the succeeding Muslim generations till the Day of Resurrection. Omar, when he went out three times for Haj and Sham, assigned him as deputy on Medina. Othman also assigned him as deputy on Median and Ali loved him.
Zaid highly regarded and appreciated Ali's position. However, he never took part in any of Ali's wars. Zaid was among those who scribed the first Mushafs which Othman sent to the different countries.
Muslim Ummah was consensus on reciting and scribing the Quran according to the font used on those Mushafs. Zaid's (may Allah be pleased with him) date of death is not certain varying between the year of 45, 51 or 54.
Zaid may Allah be pleased with him undertook the compilation of Quran under the supervision of Omar may Allah be pleased with him who sat a condition to not to accept any Quranic text unless two witnesses approve it.
Matter of fact the condition was even commanded by Abu Bakr ElSedeeq may Allah be pleased with him. However, Zaid failed to find the last Ayahs of Suratu Tawba starting from what Allah Say:
"Verily, there has come unto you a Messenger (Muhammad) from amongst yourselves (i.e. whom you know well). It grieves him that you should receive any injury or difficulty. He (Muhammad) is anxious over you (to be rightly guided, to repent to Allah, and beg Him to pardon and forgive your sins, in order that you may enter Paradise and be saved from the punishment of the Hell-fire), for the believers (he is) full of pity, kind, and merciful." except with only Khuzayma Ibn Thabet Alansari may Allah be pleased with him.
Yet, by virtue of the Messenger's salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam evaluation who made Khuzayma's testimony equals that of two men, he placed it in its position.
What we understand from their statement: is that testimony must be made for the Ayah to be scribed. In other words, two men must testify that they have the Ayahs in a written format not in memorization format. For instance, Zaid Ibn Thabet, Abu Bakr, Omar and other companions memorized the Quran. However, Zaid never scribed it in the Mushaf unless saw it written with two people who must testify that they received it directly from the mouth of the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam.
The reason behind calling Khuzayma Ibn Thabet one of double testimony is that the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam bought a horse from a Bedouin and requested that he comes with him to receive the price. The Messenger rushed to his house to bring the money. But the Bedouin went slow.
A group of men met him and gave him a higher price than what the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam agreed with him on. They were not aware that the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam already made a deal on it. As the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam found out, he told the Bedouin: Didn’t I buy it from you? He said: no in the name of Allah (wallahi) I didn’t sell it to you. The Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam said yes I did buy it from you. The Bedouin said: bring a witness.
At that time, Khuzaiyma may Allah be pleased with him was passing which coincided with the Bedouin saying bring a witness. Khuzaiyma said: I testify that you bought it from him O Messenger of Allah. When the Bedouin went away, the Messenger of Allah salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam asked Khuzaiyma: were you attending the deal? He said no, but when I heard you confirming that he sold it to you, I was certain that this is the truth. O Messenger of Allah you say nothing but the truth. I believed you in what you introduced to us, I believed you in regard to the issue of sky, wouldn’t I believe you regarding this incident of the Bedouin?
The Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam said whoever Khuzaima testifies for or against, his testimony would suffice (reported by Abdullah, Omarah, Musnad Abi Hanifa).
Khuzaiyma fought Uhud and the other succeeding battles with the Messenger of Allah salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam. He martyred while fighting with Ali may Allah be pleased with him.
Ali may Allah honor his face said: Abu Bakr attained highest reward (Ajr) among people when it comes to Mushaf, he was the first who compiled the Quran in binding between two covers (annex of Tafseer Ibn Katheer).
The Mushaf consisted of the compilation of what Zaid Ibn Thabet may Allah be pleased with him recorded after Abu Bakr during his life which Omar took after his death. It remained at the possession of Omar till Mother of the believers Hasfa (his daughter) took it. She was the guardian over his endowments and inheritance. She kept it till her brother Abdullah Ibn Omar took it when she died. Marwan Ibn Alhakkam sent and took it then burnt it.
Narrated under the authority of Jaber may Allah be pleased with him that the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam said: One who prayed one Rak`a in which he didn’t recite the mother of Quran (Fatiha) didn’t actually pray (indicating that his prayer is invalid) unless praying behind an Imam(reported by Bukhari).
According to this hadeeth and that of Muslim, when the Imam says Allah u Akbar follow him with Allah u Akbar, then listen to him when he recites the Quran. This is based on Allah Saying: So, when the Qur'an is recited, listen to it, and be silent. However, majority of scholars, Malek, Abu Hanifa and Ahmed ruled that one who is praying behind an Imam is not obliged to recite Fatiha. Whereas Omar, Ali, Ubay Ibn Ka`ab, Ibn Omar, Abu Said Alkhudry, Hudhayfa, Abu HOraira, O`bada Ibn Assamet and a group of Tab`een (successors), scholars including Eshaq, Awza`y and Layth see that one who is praying behind an Imam is obliged to recite Fatiha even during loud prayer.