12-26-2012, 07:54 AM
Bismillah
Praise be to Allah and prayer and peace be upon His Messenger Mohamed, his household and companions.
“Verily We: It is We Who have sent down the Dhikr (i.e. the Qur'an) and surely, We will guard it (from corruption).“ (Quran 15:9)
In the second part of this Ayah a challenge is clearly inserted when Allah Say: and surely We will guard it (from corruption) , Allah Used the lam in Lahafezoun (surely will guard it) in order to confirm the sense of and the act of guarding since the particle lam here is a particle of confirmation. As such Allah Say just as We revealed the dhikr (Quran) We Are committed to guard it. Quran actually is the last message that Allah Sent to His Creation. Being the last message, no other messages will succeed and thus must remain available and accessible to people to the Day of Judgment in order to serve as an argument. Having the Quran accessible to people will not leave them any valid reason to present to Allah for violating Allah’s commands. Additionally, Quran being the miracle with which the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam was supported, it must sustain as long as life shall continue on earth in order to stand as an evidence for the prophethood of the final Prophet.
Matter of fact, Allah Started Fulfilling the promise of guarding and protecting the Quran since the initiation of its transmission. In Suratu Al`la which is the 8<sup>th</sup> chapter in revelation order, Allah Rub of the Worlds Say to His Prophet salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam:
“We shall make you to recite (the Qur'an), so you (O Muhammad ﻢﻠﺳﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻪﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﺻ) shall not forget (it),” (Quran 87:6)
Scholars of Tafseer in this part said: When the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam used to receive the revelation by Jebreel, he used to hold till Jebreel comes to the end of the Ayah being revealed and immediately starts reciting it. He used to do this in fear of forgetting the Ayah. Thus this Ayahs was revealed to him in order to assure him regarding his fears. Since this time, Rasul Allah salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam used to receive the revelation regardless of the number of Ayahs which in sometimes were multiple Ayahs while in some cases he even received full Suras (chapters) at one time such as Surat Ma-eda (Quran 5) for example. But he waited for Jebreel to recite it to him only once and leaves, Rasul Allah salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam then recites it either during prayer or outside of the prayer without any difference between the two recitations. He used to recite the Quran at any given time without any changes unless within the framework of the types of recitations Allah Sent down the Quran with and were taught to the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam. Matter of fact, for any one to think about this, this is the ultimate challenge and miracle.
Allah then revealed Ayahs in Surat Qiyamah (Quran 75) which comes as number 31 in the order to revelation that say:
“Move not your tongue concerning (the Qur'an, O Muhammad ﻢﻠﺳﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻪﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﺻ) to make haste therewith.* It is for Us to collect it and to give you (O Muhammad ﻢﻠﺳﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻪﻠﻟﺍﻰﻠﺻ) the ability to recite it (the Qur'an), * And when We have recited it to you [O Muhammad ﻢﻠﺳﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻪﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﺻ through Jibrael (Gabriel)], then follow you its (the Qur'an's) recital. * Then it is for Us (Allah) to make it clear to you,” (Quran 75: 16-19)
In regard to this Ayahs, Ibn Abbas may Allah be pleased with him narrated: That Rasul Allah salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam used to suffer pressure during revelation, therefore, he used to move his lips with the Quran during the course of revelation. Allah may He be Glorified revealed Move not your tongue concerning (the Qur'an, O Muhammad ﻢﻠﺳﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻪﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﺻ) to make haste therewith and Confirmed Saying It is for Us to collect it and to give you. Ibn Abbas explained saying that Allah Collected it in your heart so that you recite it later on. Saying And when We have recited it to you [O Muhammad ﻢﻠﺳﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻪﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﺻ through Jibrael (Gabriel)], then follow you its (the Qur'an's) recital, by this Ayah Allah Is Commanding the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam to listen carefully while Jebreel is reciting the Quran to him. Then follows this by Saying Then it is for Us (Allah) to make it clear to you which carries multiple meanings including you will be able to recite it, you will understand it, We will make it easy for you to recite and follow. Ibn Abbass said: After this Ayahs, the Messenger of Allah salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam used to listen when Jebreel came to him and as soon as he leaves the the Messenger of Allah salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam immediately recited the Quran just exactly as revealed (reported by Muslim and Termdhi – Quran encyclopedia).
To further clarify this point, when Ibn Abbass may Allah be pleased with both of them commented on the Ayah of .* It is for Us to collect it and to give you that it means collecting it and maintaining it in the heart of he Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam. Actually he based his comment on the fact that Quran was transmitted on stages in parts throughout 23 years. Ayahs were revealed in order to contain either rulings to set what is halal and what is haram, commands and prohibitions, clarification of the Glory of Allah, evidences of Allah’s Oneness. Quran responds as well to inquiries which may come from either Muslims or non Muslims. Ayahs of Quran used to be transmitted either individually or in sets. Jebreel Peace be upon him, as soon as he finished reciting the Ayah or Ayahs to the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam used to tell him: place this Ayah or Ayahs in the Surat that contains so and so, in the position between Ayahs so and so. As soon as Jebreel left, the Ayahs are actually placed in the heart of the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam just exactly as Jebreel conveyed the command of Allah in regard to the position of Ayahs. After that the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam would actually recite it many times without changing a word or even a letter. Taking in consideration that there are Suras (chapters) which were revealed in Mecca, however, they included Ayah’s that were revealed in Medina after many year. For example, the inception of revealing Surat Baqarah (Quran 2) was after a short time of the Hijra and continued till shortly before the death of the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam. If we want to say we say the transmission of Surat Baqara continued almost years, during which time, all Madani Suras (chapters revealed in Medina) were transmitted. Thus one can realize that the order of Surahs as placed in the Mushaf (Quran book) as well as the order on Ayahs within each Surah is no doubt a miracle. The whole process took place in the heart of the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam without any written documentation on his part.
Therefore, when Allah Say: It is for Us to collect it and to give you the statement as such implies writing down the Mushaf and collecting the Ayahs in the order we are familiar with at the present time. Such achievement is only with the Protection, Auspicous and Success from Allah Sobhanhu wa Ta`la (may He be Glorified).
As for the word the ability to recite it (the Qur'an) means the reciting of Quran to the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam using the style in which it was transmitted to him. In other words, the style Allah Willed for His book to be recited with. A style that is different and distinguished from the human being’s. Such style is currently titled Rulings of Tajweed. It is a must that each Muslim learn this knowledge to be able to recite the words of Allah as Allah revealed to his Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam and thus gain a major reward.
Narrated Aaesha may Allah be Pleased with her that the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam said: One who is professional in reciting Quran shall be included in the group of high rank honorable angels, and one who stammers while reciting Quran shall receive double reward” (reported by Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Daoud and Ibn Majeh).
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It was narrated under the authority of O`bada Ibn Assamet may Allah be pleased with him that he said: we were behind the Messenger of Allah salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam during Fajr prayer, he recited the Quran but it was felt that he suffered pressure. As soon as he finished, he asked: may be you recited while the Imam is reciting Quran? We said yes we do this O Messenger of Allah. He said do not recite any Quran except the Fatiha for prayer is invalid without reciting the Fatiha.
(reported by Bukhari, and confirmed by Abi Daoud, Termidhi, Nasai, Ahmed, Bayhaqi, Daraqutni and Ibn Habban).
The word pressure here refers to the Messenger salla Allah a`lyhee wa sallam finding difficulty to recite loudly.
Through the above mentioned hadeeth, a number of companions and scholars derived the ruling of the necessity to recite Fatiha during prayer even the loud one after the Imam completes reading it. Of those who approved this rule: Omar, Ali, Ubai Ibn Ka`b, Ibn Omar, Abi Horaira, O`bada and a group of the Tabeen and scholars such as Shafei.