Al-Andalus( 1)

[TAREQ]

Assalam O alaikum wr wb


ALMORAVIDS,ALMOHADS AND MARINIDS:


In 1086 the Almoravid ruler os Morocco Yusuf bin Tashfin was invited by a Muslim citizen of Cordoba Sa'ad bin Abdul Muna'am in lberia to defend them against Alfanso Vl,king of castile and Leon.In that year,Yusuf bin Tashfin crossed the straits to Algeciras and inflicted a severe defeat on the christians at the az-Zallaqah .By 1094,Yusuf ibn Tashfin had removed all Muslim princes in lberia and annexed their states,except for the one at Zaragoza.He regained Valencia from the christians.


The Almoravids were succeeded in the 12th century by the Almohads,another Berber dynasty,after the victory of Abu Yusuf Ya'aqub al-Mansur over the Castillian Alfanso Vlll at the Battle of Alarcos.In 1212 a Coalition of christians king under the leadership of the castillian Alfanso Vlll defeated the Almohads in the battle of Las navas de tolosa.The Almohads continued to rule Al-andalus for another decade,but with much reduced power and prestige;and the civil wars following the death of Abu Ya'aqub Yusuf ll rapidly led to the re-establishment of taifas.The taifas newly independent but now weakend,were quickly conquered by Protugal,Castile and Aragon.After the fall of Muricia(1243)and the Algarve(1249),only the Emirate of Granada surivived as as a muslim state,but only as the tributary of Castile.Most of its tribute was paid in gold from present-day Mali and Burkina Faso that was carried to lberia through the merchant routes of the Sahara.


take care,


wassalam wr wb


Hafiza Juwayriah