06-21-2003, 09:52 PM
Hadeeth 3
From Aa`ishah (radiyAllaahu anhaa) that The Prophet (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, "there is no hijrah after the conquest [of Makkah] but there remains Jihad and intention. So if you are summoned to fight, go forth."
Reported by al-Bukhaaree and Muslim.
The meaning is that there is no more hijrah from Mecca because it has become a land of Islaam.
Documentation of the Hadeeth:
Reported by al-Bukhaaree [7/226 al-Fath] and Muslim [no. 1864] and the wording is his. Bukhaaree [6/3 al-Fath] also reports a hadeeth on the same topic from ibn Abbaas.
Difficult words in the Hadeeth:
Al-Fath: the Conquest. Referring to the conquest of Mecca.
Istunfirtum: the Imaam asking you to go forth to fight the enemy.
Fiqh of the Hadeeth:
The abrogation of the obligation to migrate from Mecca to Madeenah because Mecca has now become the land of Islaam. This ruling, which is applied to Mecca, applies to all other cities when the Muslims conquer them.
Prophetic glad-tidings that Mecca will remain a land of Islaam forever. That hijrah will never come to an end in this world as long as there remains the land of Islaam and the land of disbelief. Therefore whosoever resides in the land of disbelief and has the ability to move to the land of Islaam, hijrah becomes obligatory upon him. As for those men and women who are weak, who do not have the resources and cannot find the means [to perform hijrah] then Allaah will soon appoint for them a way.
The good that has been severed by the cutting off of hijrah can instead be attained through Jihaad and righteous intention.
The obligation to embark on a military expedition when the Imaam calls to it. In this lies a clarification that Jihaad requires the presence of an Imaam and a banner.
That actions are considered in accordance to their intentions.
To have the intention to undertake Jihaad is obligatory as is preparing oneself for it and being ready to perform it.
Hadeeth 4
From Abu Abdullaah Jaabir bin Abdullaah Al-Ansaaree (radiyAllaahu anhumaa) who said, We accompanied the Prophet (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) on a military expedition and he said, "there are some men in al-Madeenah who are with you wherever you march and whichever valley you traverse. They were prevented [from joining you] due to illness."
In another version he said, "they share the reward with you."
Reported by Muslim. Bukhaaree reports from Anas (radiyAllaahu anhu) who said,
We were coming back from the battle of Tabuk with the Prophet (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) when he remarked, "there are people whom we left behind in al-Madeenah who accompanied us in every pass and valley we crossed. They were prevented from [joining us] due to a valid excuse."
Documentation of the Hadeeth:
The hadeeth of Jaabir is reported by Muslim [no. 1911] and the hadeeth of Anas is reported by Bukhaaree [6/46-47 al-Fath].
Difficult words of the Hadeeth:
The author (rahimahullaah) departed from his saying muttafaqun alayhi (agreed upon, i.e. reported by Bukhaaree and Muslim) concerning this hadeeth despite the fact that both of them reported it, but with slight variations of wording.
Such variation does not prevent a hadeeth being labeled, agreed upon. However he did this because the majority of the scholars of hadeeth do not apply the term agreed upon except to that which the Two Shaykhs report having the same isnaad and text, as clarified by ibn Hajr in an-Nukat `alaa Muqaddimah ibn as-Salaah, this was mentioned by ibn `Allaan.
Fee Ghazaatin: on a military expedition. This is the military expedition of Tabuk as has been explained in the hadeeth of Anas (RA).
Aqwaam: [plural of qawm], a people. The word qawm specifically refers to the men of that people. In this respect is the saying of Allaah,
"O you who have believed, let not a qawm ridicule another qawm; perhaps they may be better than them. Nor let women ridicule [other] women; perhaps they may be better than them." [Al-Hujuraat (49): 11]
This is also clarified in the hadeeth of Jaabir.
Shi`b: [plural: shi`aab], mountain path.
Al-Waadee: [plural: awdiyyah, widyaan]. The place to which the water runs, between mountains or hills, i.e. a valley or ravine.
Al-Udhr: [plural: al-A`dhaar], valid excuse. A description that is applied to the morally responsible person (mukallaf) which allows ease for him.
Fiqh of the Hadeeth:
The Mujaahideen in the Way of Allaah are many ranks superior to those who merely sit at home.
There is no blame incurred upon those who have some type of disability such as the blind, the sick or the lame.
The one who is restrained by a valid excuse is, in this respect, like those who have some type of disability.
From those who have been restrained and those who have some type of disability are those who, if their intentions are correct, attain the reward of the Mujaahideen.
The hadeeth proves the great expanse of Allaah's Mercy and the ease of Islaam. These rules and benefits [mentioned above] have been spoken about in the Book of Allaah,
"Not equal are those believers remaining [at home] other than the disabled and the Mujaahideen [striving] in the cause of Allaah with their wealth and lives." [An-Nisaa` (4): 95]